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Selecting and prioritizing key factors for CAD/CAM software in small- and medium-sized enterprises using

Ghulam ZAKRIA, Zailin GUAN, Yasser RIAZ, Mirza JAHANZAIB, Anwar KHAN,

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第5卷第2期页码 157-164 doi: 10.1007/s11465-010-0017-x

摘要： In today’s fast-paced world, computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) systems have become a necessary element in manufacturing industries. Prior to investment in a CAD/CAM system, it is essential for investor to know how to maximize their benefits from buying a new or by changing an existing CAD/CAM system. The purpose of this study is to provide a methodology to assist small- and medium-sized manufacturing companies of Pakistan in selecting a CAD/CAM system. It will also facilitate the software providers in recognizing the current state of affairs as well as preceding problems regarding the application of CAD/CAM in manufacturing firms when assisting them in choosing the direction for future development simultaneously. To accomplish this purpose, data have been collected about current CAD/CAM systems. Important criteria for system selection and parameters for evaluation have also been identified and prioritized. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used as a decision-making technique for identifying and prioritizing important factors for CAD/CAM software selection. Expert Choice (AHP-based software) has been used to validate the results.

关键词： computer-aided design (CAD) computer-aided manufacturing(CAM) SMEs analytical hierarchal approach Expert Choice

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国外中小企业技术创新的做法及启示

梅强,唐祥金

《中国工程科学》 2003年第5卷第8期页码 81-86

摘要：

中小企业中的高新技术企业是技术创新和技术进步的生力军,技术创新是中小企业的生命线。在技术创新向纵深推进的过程中，我国中小企业应借鉴国外的做法及经验，进一步加快发展风险投资业，加大科技投入，加快制度创新，加速构建社会化服务体系。

关键词：国外中小企业技术创新创新环境

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Should medium-sized contractors still implement home-made information technologies on construction sites

Conrad BOTON, Éric ST-PIERRE, Gabriel LEFEBVRE

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第1期页码 142-158 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0065-9

摘要： Despite the increasing dissemination of the Building Information Modeling (BIM) approach, many firms are still far from BIM and are only starting to adopt information technologies. We conducted an ethnographic action research with an industrial partner that implements information technologies on its construction sites, with a strong preference for home-made applications. Results show that the development of such applications faces difficulties and that multiple iterations and versions are necessary before achieving the expected goals because the required competencies are lacking among internal development teams. Moreover, initial needs evolve considerably throughout the application’s development and evaluation process. However, notwithstanding the difficulties encountered during the different application development phases, the industrial partner believes the decision to be worthwhile because of the desire to have internal control over the project data and the need to consider certain specificities related to business processes.

关键词： small- and medium-sized enterprises mobile computing mobile cloud computing information technology for construction construction site ethnographic action research

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Drivers and barriers to engage enterprises in environmental management initiatives in Suzhou Industrial

Bing ZHANG, Jun BI, Beibei LIU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第2期页码 210-220 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0014-7

摘要： Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play an important role in sustainable development not only for their significant contribution to China’s economy, but also for their big share of total discharged pollutants. Therefore, this research takes the enterprises in Suzhou Industrial Park, China as the case study to investigate the environmental management practices of SMEs, and identify drivers and barriers to engaging businesses in environmental management initiatives. It is shown that, as in other countries, SMEs are less active in adopting environmental management initiatives than larger companies. Legislation remains the key driver to engage SMEs in environmental management initiatives. Based on the analysis, policy recommendations are also presented.

关键词： small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) environmental management initiative Suzhou industrial park

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基于多关系平移图注意力网络的需融中小企业挖掘方法 Research Article

梁倩乔1,卫华2,吴亚熙2,韦峰2,赵登3,何建衫3,郑小林1,马国芳4,韩冰2

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第24卷第3期页码 388-402 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200151

摘要：需融企业挖掘任务指挖掘财务困难、需要融资的中小企业，其有利于金融机构帮助中小企业的发展，在金融领域中发挥着越来越重要的作用。本文首先深入分析中小企业的融资需求在企业社交网络中的传递现象，从而提供了一个利用企业社交网络来提升需融企业挖掘有效性的想法，即学习企业社交网络中企业节点的表征并利用该表征挖掘需融企业。然而，该想法面临两种异构性挑战，即融资需求在不同关系下的传递异构性和中小企业在不同关系类型下的行为模式异构性。为了应对这些挑战，本文提出一种基于多关系平移图注意力网络的需融企业挖掘方法。该方法不仅基于一种新颖的实体-关系组合算子来对不同关系类型下的融资需求传递异构性进行建模，还基于本文所设计的关系超平面平移机制来获得中小企业在不同关系类型下的表征，以区分中小企业在不同关系类型下的异构行为模式。最后，本文在两个大型真实数据集上进行大量实验，实验结果证明了所提方法在需融企业挖掘任务中优于最先进的方法。

关键词：需融企业挖掘；图表征学习；传递异构性；行为模型异构性

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Control division of agricultural non-point source pollution at medium-sized watershed scale in Southeast

HUANG Jinliang, HONG Huasheng, ZHANG Luoping

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第3期页码 333-339 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0035-7

摘要： This paper presents the study carried out for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution (NSP) in a medium-sized watershed covering 1.47 × 10 km in Southeast China using quantitative analysis coupled with geographic information system (GIS), universal soil loss equation (USLE), soil conservation service-curve number (SCS-CN), nutrient loss equations, and annualized agricultural nonpoint source model (AnnAGNPS). Based on the quantitative results derived from GIS and environmental models, five control division units were generated for NSP control in Jiulong River watershed, namely, controlling unit for soil losses, controlling unit for livestock breeding and soil losses, controlling unit for excessive fertilizer use and livestock breeding, controlling unit for soil losses and fertilizer use, and controlling unit for excessive fertilizer use and soil losses. This study proved that integrating GIS with environmental models can be adopted to efficiently evaluate major sources and contributors of NSP, and identify the critical source areas of NSP, which enables adjusting measures to local conditions by further control division units developed through such study for control and management of water quality degradation induced by NSP in the Jiulong River watershed.

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“数控一代”示范工程引领和推动共性使能技术在中小企业推广应用

魏峰,周源,薛澜

《中国工程科学》 2017年第19卷第3期页码 45-52 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.03.007

摘要：

数控技术是推动机械产品升级换代的关键共性使能技术。考虑到广大中小企业自身技术、资金等诸多障碍和市场失灵、组织失灵问题，共性使能技术在推广应用中存在严重的“死亡之谷”现象。“数控一代”示范工程的工作方针是以需求为牵引、以创新为动力、以企业为主体、“用产学研金政”紧密结合、重点突破、成功示范。“数控一代”示范工程将数控技术应用到典型行业的机械产品中，使装备和产品性能得到本质提升，加快机械产品整体升级换代和企业向可持续发展转型升级的步伐，在共性使能技术研发与企业创新生产之间的鸿沟上架起一座桥梁，取得了显著的成就，是共性使能技术推广应用的成功范例，为进一步在各个行业、区域全面普及数控技术及开展“智能一代”机械产品创新应用工程提供有益借鉴并奠定坚实的基础。

关键词：示范工程共性使能技术技术创新扩散中小企业转型升级

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中型农业生态工程的数学模型

卞有生,刘来福,徐汝梅

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第11期页码 39-44

摘要：

章以北京大兴县留民营村为例，建立了中型（村庄级）农业生态工程的数学模型，该模型为分室模型，由8个分室组成，文中给出了各个分室的状态变量及控制变量，建立了各分室的数学模型，并应用该数学模型指导了留民营的实际生产建设，取得了良好结果。

关键词：农业生态工程数学模型状态变量控制变量

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Magnetic-porous microspheres with synergistic catalytic activity of small-sized gold nanoparticles and

Kadriye Özlem Hamaloğlu, Ebru Sağ, Çiğdem Kip, Erhan Şenlik, Berna Saraçoğlu Kaya, Ali Tuncel

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第3期页码 574-585 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1799-y

摘要： Fe O nanoparticles immobilized on porous titania in micron-size range were decorated with small-sized gold nanoparticles and used as a plasmonic catalyst for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol. Monodisperse-porous magnetic titania microspheres were synthesized with bimodal pore-size distribution by the sol-gel templating method. Small-sized gold nanoparticles obtained by the Martin method were attached onto the aminated form of the magnetic titania microspheres. A significant enhancement in the catalytic activity was observed using the gold nanoparticle-decorated magnetic titania microspheres compared to gold nanoparticle-decorated magnetic silica microspheres because of the synergistic effect between small-sized gold nanoparticles and titania. The synergistic effect for gold nanoparticle-attached magnetic titania microspheres could be explained by surface plasmon resonance-induced transfer of hot electrons from gold nanoparticles to the conduction band of titania. Using the proposed catalyst, 4-nitrophenol could be converted to 4-aminophenol in an aqueous solution within 0.5 min. The 4-nitrophenol reduction rates were 2.5–79.3 times higher than those obtained with similar plasmonic catalysts. The selection of micron-size, magnetic, and porous titania microspheres as a support material for the immobilization of small-sized gold nanoparticles provided a recoverable plasmonic catalyst with high reduction ability.

关键词： small-sized gold nanoparticles magnetic titania microspheres sol-gel template synthesis plasmonic catalysis 4-nitrophenol

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Blockchain-driven supply chain finance solution for small and medium enterprises

Jian LI, Shichao ZHU, Wen ZHANG, Lean YU

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第4期页码 500-511 doi: 10.1007/s42524-020-0124-2

摘要： Blockchain has attracted much attention in recent years with the development of cryptocurrency and digital assets. As the underlying technology of cryptocurrency, blockchain has numerous benefits, such as de-centralization, collective maintenance, tamper-resistance, traceability, and anonymity. The potential of the blockchain technology (BT) is widely recognized in the financial field. Although some scholars have proposed the combination of blockchain and supply chain finance (SCF), the details of this combination is rarely mentioned. This study first analyzes the coupling between SCF and blockchain technology. Second, the conceptual framework of blockchain-driven SCF platform (BcSCFP) is presented. Third, the operation process of three SCF models on the BcSCFP is proposed. Finally, a case study combined with actual events is conducted. This paper has a positive practical significance in the operation and management of banks and loan enterprises.

关键词： blockchain technology supply chain finance risk management smart contract decentralization

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Vibration analysis of medium and small span bridges subjected to mixed marshalling freight trains

LI Qi, WU Dingjun, HUANG Xiaobin

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第2期页码 133-138 doi: 10.1007/s11709-008-0019-5

摘要： It has been reported several times that train derailment occurs when mixed marshalling freight trains traverse bridges at high speeds in China. This study aims to explain this phenomenon numerically based on the train-bridge coupling vibration theory and its associated computer program. The train-bridge vibration characteristic is analyzed by a computer program when mixed marshalling freight trains traverse 32-meter-span prestressed concrete simple beam bridges. The mechanism that dynamic responses of the bridges are prominent and that empty trains are inclined to derail are derived from the dynamic responses analysis. The analysis indicates that the significant differences of axle loads between heavy vehicles and empty vehicles produce periodic forced loadings of large amplitudes. These periodic loadings cause severe vibration of bridges. In turn, severe vibration of the bridges produces intensive counteraction to empty vehicles.

关键词： train-bridge vibration vibration characteristic associated computer train-bridge phenomenon

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Severe adhesive small bowel obstruction

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第4期页码 436-439 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0221-7

摘要：

Adhesive small bowel obstruction is a frequent cause of hospital admission. Water soluble contrast studies may have diagnostic and therapeutic value and avoid challenging demanding surgical operations, but if bowel ischemia is suspected, prompt surgical intervention is mandatory. A 58-year-old patient was operated for extensive adhesive small bowel obstruction after having had two previous laparotomies for colorectal surgery, and had a complex clinical course with multiple operations and several complications. Different strategies of management have been adopted, including non-operative management with the use of hyperosmolar water soluble contrast medium, multiple surgical procedures, total parenteral nutrition (TPN) support, and finally use of anti-adherences icodextrin solution. After 2 years follow-up the patient was doing well without presenting recurrent episodes of adhesive small bowel obstruction. For patients admitted several times for adhesive small bowel obstruction, the relative risk of recurring obstruction increases in relation to the number of prior episodes. Several strategies for non-operative conservative management of adhesive small bowel obstruction have already addressed diagnostic and therapeutic value of hyperosmolar water soluble contrast. According to the most recent evidence-based guidelines, open surgery is the preferred method for surgical treatment of strangulating adhesive small bowel obstruction as well as after failed conservative management. Research interest and clinical evidence are increasing in adhesions prevention. Hyaluronic acid-carboxycellulose membrane and icodextrin may reduce incidence of adhesions.

关键词： post-operative intraperitoneal adhesions adhesive small bowel obstruction adhesiolysis antiadhesion treatments hyperosmolar water soluble contrast medium

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小型农业生态工程——庭院经济发展的数学模型

卞有生

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第5期页码 60-65

摘要：

农业生态工程数学模型的任务在于提供对于系统现状及其功能、结构的认识，并用于预测系统即将发生的行为，进一步外加某种措施，对系统实施控制，以求达到它的最优化。文章通过理论研究和实践试验，建立了小型农业生态工程的数学模型。并以北京市大兴县留民营村一家农户为例，介绍小型农业生态工程的数学模型，及其在指导实际建设中的应用。

关键词：庭院经济数学模型农业生态工程

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Preparation and crystallization kinetics of micron-sized Mg(OH)

Xingfu SONG, Kefeng TONG, Shuying SUN, Ze SUN, Jianguo YU

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第2期页码 130-138 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1332-7

摘要： Magnesium hydroxide is an important chemical, and is usually obtained from seawater or brine via precipitation process. The particle size distribution of magnesium hydroxide has great effects on the subsequent filtration and drying processes. In this paper, micron-sized magnesium hydroxide with high purity, large particle size and low water content in filter cake was synthesized via simple wet precipitation in a mixed suspension mixed product removal (MSMPR) crystallizer. The effects of reactant concentration, residence time and impurities on the properties of magnesium hydroxide were investigated by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Malvern laser particle size analyzer. The results show that NaOH concentration and residence time have great effects on the water content and particle size of Mg(OH) . The spherical Mg(OH) with uniform diameter of about 30 μm was obtained with purity higher than 99% and water content less than 31%. Furthermore, the crystallization kinetics based on the population balance theory was studied to provide the theoretical data for industrial enlargement, and the simulation coefficients ( ) based on ASL model and C-R model are 0.9962 and 0.9972, respectively, indicating that the crystal growth rate of magnesium hydroxide can be well simulated by the size-dependent growth models.

关键词： magnesium hydroxide precipitation micron-sized crystallization kinetics

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Finite element modeling of counter-roller spinning for large-sized aluminum alloy cylindrical parts

Dawei ZHANG, Fan LI, Shuaipeng LI, Shengdun ZHAO

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第14卷第3期页码 351-357 doi: 10.1007/s11465-019-0528-z

摘要： Counter-roller spinning (CRS), where the mandrel is replaced by rollers, is an effective means of manufacturing large-sized, thin-walled, cylindrical parts with more than 2500 mm diameter. CRS is very complex because of multi-axis rotation, multi-local loading along the circumference, and radial-axial compound deformation. Analytical or experimental methods cannot fully understand CRS. Meanwhile, numerical simulation is an adequate approach to investigate CRS with comprehensive understanding and a low cost. Thus, a finite element (FE) model of CRS was developed with the FORGE code via meshing technology, material modeling, determining the friction condition, and so on. The local fine mesh moving with the roller is one of highlights of the model. The developed 3D-FE model was validated through a CRS experiment by using a tubular blank with a 720 mm outer diameter. The developed 3D-FE model of CRS can provide a basis for parameter optimization, process control, die design, and so on. The data on force and energy predicted by the 3D-FE model can offer reasonable suggestions for determining the main mechanical parameters of CRS machines and selecting the motors. With the predicted data, an all-electric servo-drive system/machine with distributed power was designed in this work for CRS with four pairs of rollers to manufacture a large-sized, thin-walled, cylindrical part with 6000 mm diameter.

关键词： large-sized cylindrical part counter-roller spinning aluminum alloy finite element method distributed power